The Youth Journal started publication in Shanghai on September 15, 1915 and its editor-in-chief was Chen Duxiu. From its second volume No.1 in 1916, it was renamed as New Youth. Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Qian Xuantong, Gao Yihan, Shen Yinmo and Hu Shizhi acted as its editor-in-chief successively. The publication was renowned during the May 4^th Movement. The principle of the publication was to promote democracy and science and to oppose feudalist system, ethics and literature. After the October Revolution in Russia, it began to publicize and introduce Marxism and played an important role in promoting national arousal and spreading Marxism in China. After June 1923, it became the theoretical publication of CPC; in July 1926, it stopped publication with the 5^th issue.